Research On LED Plant Growth Lamp

In the past decade, the area of facility horticulture in China has developed rapidly, and the lighting technology for controlling the light environment of plant growth has attracted attention. Facility horticultural lighting technology is mainly applied in two aspects:
1, Used as supplementary lighting for plant photosynthesis during periods of low or short sunlight exposure;
2, As an induced illumination for the photoperiod and photomorphology of plants.
1. Research on LED as supplementary lighting for plant photosynthesis
Traditional artificial light sources generate too much heat, such as using LED supplementary lighting and hydroponic systems. Air can be recycled, excess heat and moisture can be removed, and electrical energy can be efficiently converted into effective photosynthetic radiation, ultimately converting into plant matter. Research has shown that using LED lighting can increase the growth rate and photosynthetic rate of lettuce by more than 20%, making it feasible to use LED in plant factories.
Research has found that compared to fluorescent lamps, mixed wavelength LED light sources can significantly promote the growth and development of spinach, radish, and lettuce, and improve morphological indicators; It can maximize the biological accumulation of sugar beets, with the most significant accumulation of betaine in the hairy roots, and produce the highest accumulation of sugar and starch in the hairy roots.
Compared with metal halide lamps, pepper and perilla plants grown under LED wavelengths exhibit significant anatomical changes in their stems and leaves, and their photosynthetic rate increases with increasing light density. Composite wavelength LED can cause an increase in the number of stomata in both marigold and sage plants.
2. LED as an induced illumination for plant photoperiod and light morphology construction
LEDs of specific wavelengths can affect the flowering time, quality, and duration of flowering in plants. LEDs of certain wavelengths can increase the number of flower buds and flowers in plants; LED of certain wavelengths can reduce the flowering reaction, regulate the length and flowering period of flower stems, and facilitate cut flower production and marketing. It can be seen that LED regulation can regulate the flowering and subsequent growth of plants.
3. Research on LED Application in Aerospace Ecological Life Support System
Establishing a Controlled Ecological Life Support System (CELSS) is the fundamental way to solve the long-term human spaceflight life support problem, and the cultivation of higher plants is an important component of CELSS, one of which is lighting.
Based on the special requirements of the spatial environment, the light sources used in the cultivation of higher plants in space must have high luminous efficiency, output light waves suitable for plant photosynthesis and morphogenesis, small size, light weight, long lifespan, high safety and reliability, and no environmental pollution. Compared with other light sources such as cold white fluorescent lamps, high-pressure sodium lamps, and metal halide lamps, LED is more effective in converting light energy into photosynthetically active radiation; In addition, it has the characteristics of long lifespan, small size, light weight, and solid state, so it has been highly valued in ground and space plant cultivation in recent years. Research has shown that LED lighting systems can provide illumination with uniform spectral energy distribution, and their efficiency in converting electrical energy into light required by plants is 520 times higher than that of metal halide lamps.